The important public sector companies promoted industrialisation and development in Ghana . These are National Petroleum Authority, Mineral Commission, Ghana National petroleum Corporation, Ghana Energy Commission, Ghana Cocoa Board, Food and Drugs Board, Ghana Civil Aviation Authority and Bank of Ghana. Multinational Corporations come to Ghana for investment and business ventures. The major investors are De Beers, Lonrho, Coca Cola, Heinz, Coleman, Caterpillar, Unilever, Guinness, M and W pump, IBM, Lazare Kaplan, Deloitte and Touche, AT and T, South Western Bell, Pryor, McClendon and Counts and Eveready . The cities like Kumasi, and Accra are major centers for the foreign investors in Ghana. Mining is a major activity in Ghana. It employs large number of workers. Mining accounts for 37 percent of the total exports of Ghana. The country has 23 large scale mining companies operating for mineral extraction . The major exports from Ghana are timber, cocoa, gold, manganese, diamond, cement and limestone. Gold export accounts for 95 percent of the total value of export from Ghana. The gold production per year crossed 100 tonnes mark . In the past years mining generated around 30 billion US Dollars per year. Manganese became attractive product for export to countries like China, Norway, and Ukraine. The important minerals produced in Ghana are gold, diamond, silver, bauxite, manganese, barite, dolomite, feldspar, granite, gypdum, iron ore, kaolin, limestone, magnesite, mica, phosphates, rock salt, talc, uranium, and sand stone. The mining sector is opened to scientific mining and exploration.Recently alumina and aluminium is also produced in Ghana. These products are also exported to other countries. Cement is also produced in Ghana and used inside the country. Some amount of cement is also exported to the countries of West African region.
The geology of Ghana is explained by three geological groups. Half of the country is underlain by early Proterozoic metamorphosed sediments, volcanic rocks and intrusive rocks. The second geological formation is Volta sedimentary basin with marine , lake and river sediments. These sediments are found in the central and northern part of Ghana. These sediments are lying on the Proterozoic basement rocks. The third group is the belt of highly tectonic activities lying along the eastern border of Ghana. The rocks of this belt are highly metamorphosed due to multiple tectonic activities. The large gold deposits are confined to the early Proterozoic rocks. of Ghana. The river valleys and sedimentary basins are having marine and lake sediments with contents of limestone and sandstone. The north eastern greenstone belt contains varieties of volcanic rocks, sedimentary rocks and intrusive rocks. The primary gold deposits are confined to the green stone belt along the margins of the sedimentary basins. Some gold deposits are also found associated with Birmian intrusive rocks and granite.
Important gold deposits of Ghana are found in areas like Ashanti, Prestea, Bibiani, Bogosu, Konongo, Ahats, Chirano and Wassa. Ashanti gold deposit is the largest orogenic mesothermal gold deposit. Gold deposits are found associated with minerals like pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrhotite, bornite, arsenopyrite, graphite and manganite. Bauxite is found associated with laterite and gneiss rocks. The diamond deposits are found along graphite mineralisations. Limestones are found in lake and marine sedimentary rocks.After mining, manufacturing and plantation , the sector like tourism is gaining importance in Ghana. Many tourists visit Ghana every year. The waterfalls, sandy beaches, caves, mountains, rivers, lakes, meteorite craters, forest reserves, national parks, forts, castles and markets attract a number of visitors to Ghana. The Kintampo Waterfall, Togbo Waterfall, Lake Volta,Lake Bosuntwi, Kakum National Park, Mole National Park, Elmina Castle, Cape Coast Castle, National Museum, Labadi Beach, Osu Castle, Aburi Botanical Garden, Kokrobite Beach and Volta regional Museum are important places of interests in Ghana. The Kojetia Market of Kumasi is a place of attraction for all the tourists visiting Ghana. It is like a rural market place inside the urban center of Kumasi.the important places of tourist destinations are Accra, Kumasi, Cape Coast, Tema, Tamale, Ada Foah, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ho, Akosombo, Koforidua, Sunyani, Aburi, Elmina, Obuasi, Larebango, Bolgatanga, Hohoe, Winnaba, Soga Kope, Techiman, Madina, Tarkwa, Kosoa, Wa, Prampram, Nkawkaw, Agona-Swedru, Sakumono, Akimoda and Akropong.
Ghana gave importance on science, technology, computers, telecommunication and space technology. The HOPE city is a technology park which is to be established near Accra. The park will have the tallest building of Accra. The building may be the centre for software, telecommunication, information technology and research activities. Internet system is extended to most parts of the country. The banking network is fully operated on computers. After South Africa , Ghana is well connected to other parts of the world. Internal transport system is also properly developed in Ghana. The cyber network and the telecommunication system is very fast in Ghana. Bottle necks are removed from the administrative systems by integrating information technology in to the administration. Ghana has taken effective steps for development and use of space technology. The Ghana Space Science and Technology Center and the Ghana Space Agency manage the space programmes in the country.The education system is properly developed in Ghana. All the children attend school up to secondary level. The higher education and the technical education are found to be very good in Ghana. Some international universities opened campus in Ghana.The University of Ghana is the oldest university of Ghana. It was established in the year 1948 at Legon near Accra. The Kwame Nkrumah University of Technology is established at Kumasi. A number of government funded universities are established in cities of Ghana. Some private universities are also established in cities and urban centers of Ghana. Accra and its adjoining region is developed as educational centre for Ghana. Many students from Ghana and other countries get good education in the universities and colleges of Ghana.